Archive CSAE - Kingdom of Sardinia, General Consulate in Alexandria in Egypt

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Identity area

Reference code

Asdmae CSAE

Title

Kingdom of Sardinia, General Consulate in Alexandria in Egypt

Date(s)

  • 1825-1860. With documents up to 1867 (Creation)

Level of description

Archive

Extent and medium

69 boxes contaning 1935 items (files and volumes)

Context area

Name of creator

Biographical history

The Consulate of the Kingdom of Sardinia in Alexandria of Egypt is established in 1825. In October 1825 the first ruling consul was installed. The district includes all the territory subjected to the Viceroy of Egypt, the Island of Crete and the adjacent islands. Dependent vice-consulates are established in Heraklion and Cairo. From 1833 to 1842 the consulate of Beirut, which became a vice-consulate, was dependent on Alexandria of Egypt. The dependance of Island of Crete ceases in 1842.

During the long term the consuls are:
·Domenico Pedemonte, ruling consul then consul (1825-1835)
·Gerolamo Ermirio, consul (1836-1837)
·Paolo Cerruti, consul (1837-1854)
·Luigi Gobbi, consul (1854-1860).

Ruling consuls: Giuseppe Bondesio (1831-1833); ·Daniel Dumreicher, consul of Demmark (1835); ·Antonio Baratta (1835-1836); ·Andrea Folco (1849); ·Luigi Leardi (1853; 1854)

Archival history

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System of arrangement

Papers are currently structured in two parts named respectively

  • Kingdom of Sardinia. Consulate in Alexandria in Egypt
  • Kingdom of Sardinia. Legation in Alexandria in Egypt

The origin of this arrangement, subsequent to the transfer to the Archive of Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is unknown, but probably occurred between 1832 and 1840.

The papers have been cited by many scholars over time. It was therefore considered appropriate to proceed with a virtual arrangement, leaving the documentation in the historical locations.

The archive consists on six nucleus of papers, divided into several series:
i) Correspondence (protocols, forwarded letters books; letters received)
ii) The documentation produced in order to carry out administrative tasks and duties
iii) The documentation on the European Hospital of Alexandria of Egypt
iv) The documentation produced in order to carry out the supervision on Merchant Navy
v) The documentation produced in order to carry out the notarial services
vi) Consular affairs, mainly contentious

Furthermore, there is a small number of files and registers not belonging to the Kingdom of Sardinia archive. Some folders contain files produced by the Grand Duchy of Tuscany Consulate in Alexandria: they will be described in detail in the inventory of the archive of that Consulate.

A contemporary repertoire, in the form of a register, was of great help in understanding the original structure of the fund.
The affairs, according to this register, were initially structured in at least five categories/series

  1. Civil and commercial cases
  2. Criminal acts
  3. Damages and piracy
  4. Miscellaneous
  5. Successions

Over time this general organization - which appears to have been applied almost until 1855 - has undergone some changes, perhaps functional to the retrieval of papers within a more complex documentary system. Probably, as a consequence of the growth of the activities, in order to simplify the management of the papers, the categories "Miscellaneous" and "Damages and piracy" merged with the category "Civil and commercial deeds"; the categories "Criminal acts" and "Successions" remained distinct. It must be added that most of the "Damages and piracy" practices have unfortunately been lost.
To these series are to be added, the "Political affairs, or Reserved papers" and the "Bankruptcies".

The repertoire has been useful not only to understand the original archival arrangement. It is important for the news it contains: summaries of the affairs make easier to delve into the content of the files. The data have been copied in the field "Note" to help scholars navigate the archive

In drawing up the inventory it was deemed appropriate to give a single string numbering per archival unit, i.e. per file/register. This numbering makes it possible to quantify the consistency of the archive and to describe the files regardless of their physical location.

On the other hand, the number affixed on the cover of the file, in red/blue pencil, is a string number that was attributed, in all probability, in the second half of the 19th century. The consular staff was then called to inventory the assets of the individual agencies - which also included the archive. On that occasion, for practicality, and for the purposes of quantifying the material, the files of the Sardinian Consulate in Alexandria in Egypt were numbered. Nowadays this number constitutes a convenient identifier within that documentary system; for this reason it has been reported in the "Title" field. It certifies also that at the end of the century the papers were partially disordered.

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Finding aids

A brief introduction to the inventory in https://consoli.hypotheses.org/1631

The archive is preserved in the Archivio storico diplomatico del Ministero degli affari esteri (Rome).

Finding and research aids are:

Zanier, Claudio, I fondi non inventariati delle legazioni e dei consolati degli stati preunitari all’Archivio Storico del Ministero degli affari Esteri: la rappresentanza di Sardegna ad Alessandria d’Egitto (1825-1861), «Oriente moderno», 4, 1985, p. 49-57; Regio Consolato Sardo in Alessandria d'Egitto, [Censimento delle carte], in Speziale, Salvatore, Reti mediterranee e tesori d'Italia. Gli antichi stati italiani e l'Africa mediterranea attraverso l'Archivio storico del Ministero degli Affari Esteri (XVIII-XIX secolo), Pellegrini, Cosenza, 2011, pp. 97-99; Regia Legazione sarda in Alessandria d'Egitto [Censimento delle carte], ibidem, pp. 95-97.

A list of the documentation on the Foreign Affair Ministry website. See: https://www.esteri.it/mae/resource/doc/2017/01/inventario_della_regia_legazione_sarda_in_alessandria_d.pdf

Allied materials area

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Related units of description

Image: Archivio di Stato di Torino, Sezione Corte, Materie politiche per rapporto all'estero, Consolati Nazionali, Alessandria d'Egitto, mazzo 3, n. 208, 20 January 1836, attachment H, prot. 21407, Antonio Baratta to Segreteria per gli affari esteri (Sardinian consular house, front and map). The Sardinian consular house in 1836 was in the Grand Square (Place des Consuls)

Related descriptions

Publication note

Lisi, C., La maison consulaire : Alexandrie d’Égypte (Première moitié du xixe siècle), in La maison consulaire. Espaces, fonctions et usagers (XVI XXI siècle), cur. Mathieu Grenet, Presses Universitaires de Provence (PUP), 2021, p. 95-113

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Archivist's note

Virtual arrangement and inventory by Costanza Lisi

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